Reportlinker Adds Retailing in China 2009: A Market Analysis

PR Newswire

NEW YORK, Feb. 9

NEW YORK, Feb. 9 /PRNewswire/ — Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:

Retailing in China 2009: A Market Analysis

http://www.reportlinker.com/p0176400/Retailing-in-China-2009-A-Market-Analysis.html

Executive Summary

Based upon our own calculations of a realistic retail market size in China should be, between 2002 and 2009, China's total retail market grew 204.5% in current terms over the review period to RMB6.81trn – representing an annual average growth rate of 17.25%.

Over the past few years, China's retail market has continued to develop rapidly. New chain store networks, malls and shopping streets are now emerging outside the top three cities of Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai, as retailers extend their reach into new growth areas of first-tier cities, as well as into second-, third- and other-tier cities. There is aggressive consolidation in the market, as larger operators swallow up smaller players, while there are equally significant numbers of failures, both retail companies and shopping malls.

Now, as the Chinese economy lurches from being one reliant on export manufacturing to one more reliant on a robust domestic consumer market, the retail market is becoming even more important to the country. The race is now on to create the infrastructure that will bring more of rural China into the fold of the consuming classes, driving a need for new transport and storage facilities, computerised inventory, a closed chill-chain, modern management systems and all the other accoutrements of a developed retail system.

Foreign retailers and retail suppliers have much to offer in this market, but competition is tough, and the years of rapid retail growth in China could be about to end, making now a crucial time in which to gain a foothold.

China's retail market is expected to grow by about 45% between 2010 and 2014, to reach a total value of over RMB10.8trn..

Contents

INTRODUCTION 1

Report Coverage 1

Abbreviations Used 1

Other Relevant Reports from Access Asia 2

1 NATIONAL RETAIL MARKET 3

1.1 Overview 3

1.2 Chinese Retail Statistics: Problems with Methodology 4

1.2.1 Chinese Retail Statistics: Definitions 4

Retail Sales 4

The Household Survey 4

Household Consumption in GDP 4

1.2.2 Chinese Retail Statistics: China's Private Sector Hidden 4

1.2.3 Chinese Retail Statistics: So, How Big is the Consumer Market? 5

1.2.4 Chinese Retail Statistics: The Mythical Chinese Middle Class 6

Table 1.1 MIDDLE AND UPPER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS IN CHINA, 1995/2000/2005/2010/20157

Table 1.2 TOTAL CONSUMPTION BY MIDDLE AND UPPER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS, 2005/2010/20157

Table 1.3 CONSUMPTION BY MIDDLE AND UPPER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS & % OF TOTAL HOUSEHOLDS, 1995/2000/2005/2010/20158

1.2.5 Chinese Retail Statistics: Developing Domestic Consumption 10

1.3 Total Retail Market Size 13

1.3.1 Total Market Size: The Total Value of the Retail Market in China 13

Table 1.4 TOTAL CURRENT VALUE RETAIL SALES, 2000-200913

Table 1.5 TOTAL CONSTANT VALUE RETAIL SALES, 2000-200914

Table 1.6 PER CAPITA CURRENT VALUE RETAIL SALES, 2000-200914

1.3.2 Total Market Size: Economic Reforms 14

1.3.3 Total Market Size: Spread of Organised Retail 15

1.4 Food and Non-Food Sales 16

1.4.1 Total Food Market: Food & Non-food Sales 16

Table 1.7 TOTAL CURRENT VALUE RETAIL SALES BY FOOD AND NON-FOOD, 2003-2009*16

1.4.2 Total Food Market: Food/Non-food Split 17

Table 1.8% BREAKDOWN OF SALES BY FOOD AND NON-FOOD, 2003-2009*17

1.4.3 Food and Non-Food Sales: Urban and Rural Split 17

Figure 1.1: Urban & Rural Food & Non-food Retail Growth Compared, 2002-200817

Table 1.9 TOTAL CURRENT VALUE RETAIL SALES BY FOOD & NON-FOOD, 2003-2009*18

1.5 Total Food Sales 18

1.5.1 Total Food Sales: Eating Out Versus Eating In 18

Table 1.10 THE MARKET FOR CONSUMER CATERING AS A PROPORTION OF TOTAL CONSUMER FOOD EXPENDITURE IN CHINA, 2000-200919

Table 1.11 TOTAL PER CAPITA MARKET FOR CONSUMER CATERING IN CHINA, 2000-200920

1.5.2 Total Food Sales: Retail Value Trends 20

Figure 1.2: Total Volume Growth in Retail Sales of Selected Food Products in China, 2003-200921

Figure 1.3: Per Capita Volume & Growth of Retail Sales of Selected Food Products in China, 2003/200921

Table 1.12 CURRENT VALUE RETAIL FOOD SALES BY MAJOR PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2003-2009*22

1.5.3 Total Food Sales: Value Growth 23

Table 1.13 RETAIL VALUE FOOD SALES GROWTH BY SECTOR, 2003-200923

1.5.4 Total Food Sales: Breakdown by Type 24

Table 1.14% BREAKDOWN OF CURRENT VALUE RETAIL FOOD SALES BY SECTOR, 2003-200924

1.6 Urban Food Sales 24

1.6.1 Urban Food Sales: Value Trends 24

Figure 1.4: Urban Food Sector Retail Growth Compared, 2003-200925

Table 1.15 URBAN RETAIL FOOD SALES CURRENT VALUE BY SECTOR, 2003-200925

1.6.2 Urban Food Sales: Percentage Breakdown 26

Table 1.16% BREAKDOWN OF URBAN RETAIL FOOD SALES BY SECTOR, 2003-200926

1.7 Rural Food Sales 26

1.7.1 Rural Food Sales: Value Trends 26

Chart 1.5: Rural Food Sector Retail Growth Compared, 2003-200927

Table 1.17 VALUE OF RURAL RETAIL FOOD SALES CURRENT VALUE BY SECTOR, 2003-200927

1.7.2 Rural Food Sales: Percentage Breakdown 28

Table 1.18% BREAKDOWN OF VALUE RURAL RETAIL FOOD SALES BY SECTOR, 2003-200928

1.8 Total Non-Food Sales 28

1.8.1 Total Non-Food Sales: Value Trends 28

Chart 1.6: Total Non-food Sector Retail Growth Compared, 2003-200929

Table 1.19 TOTAL NON-FOOD RETAIL SALES CURRENT VALUE BY SECTOR, 2003-200929

1.8.2 Total Non-Food Sales: Percentage Breakdown 29

Table 1.20% BREAKDOWN OF CURRENT VALUE NON-FOOD RETAIL SALES BY SECTOR, 2003-200930

1.9 Urban Non-Food Sales 31

1.9.1 Urban Non-Food Sales: Value Trends 31

Chart 1.7: Urban Non-food Sector Retail Growth Compared, 2003-200931

Table 1.21 URBAN NON-FOOD CURRENT VALUE RETAIL SALES BY SECTOR, 2003-200931

1.9.2 Urban Non-Food Sales: Percentage Breakdown 32

Table 1.22% BREAKDOWN OF CURRENT VALUE URBAN NON-FOOD RETAIL SALES BY SECTOR, 2003-200932

1.9.3 Urban Non-Food Sales: Ownership of Major Durable Goods 32

Table 1.23 URBAN HOUSEHOLD OWNERSHIP OF MAJOR DURABLE CONSUMER GOODS, 2002-200833

1.10 Rural Non-Food Sales 34

1.10.1 Rural Non-Food Sales: Current Value Trends 34

Chart 1.8: Rural Non-food Sector Retail Growth Compared, 2003-200934

Table 1.24 RURAL NON-FOOD CURRENT VALUE RETAIL SALES BY BY SECTOR, 2003-200934

1.10.2 Rural Non-Food Sales: Percentage Breakdown 35

Table 1.25% BREAKDOWN OF RURAL NON-FOOD CURRENT VALUE RETAIL SALES BY BY SECTOR, 2003-200935

1.10.3 Rural Non-Food Sales: Ownership of Major Durable Goods 35

Table 1.26 RURAL HOUSEHOLD OWNERSHIP OF MAJOR DURABLE CONSUMER GOODS, 2003-200935

1.11 Leading Retailers 36

1.11.1 Leading Retailers: The Top-100 Listed Chinese Retailers 36

Turnover 36

Operating Profit 36

Profitability 36

Share of Total Retail Sales 36

Table 1.27A CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS RANKED BY TURNOVER, 2006-2008 & H108/H10937

Table 1.27B CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS RANKED BY TURNOVER, 2006-2008 & H108/H10938

Table 1.28A CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS' OPERATING PROFIT, 2006-2008 & H108/H10939

Table 1.28B CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS' OPERATING PROFIT, 2006-2008 & H108/H10940

Table 1.29A CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS' OPERATING PROFIT % SHARE OF TURNOVER, 2006-2008 & H108/H10941

Table 1.29B CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS' OPERATING PROFIT % SHARE OF TURNOVER, 2006-2008 & H108/H10942

Table 1.30A CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS' % ANNUAL TURNOVER GROWTH, 2007-2008 & H108/H10943

Table 1.30B CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS' % ANNUAL TURNOVER GROWTH, 2007-2008 & H108/H10944

Table 1.31A CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS BY % ANNUAL OPERATING PROFIT GROWTH, 2006-2008 & H108/H10945

Table 1.31B CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS BY % ANNUAL OPERATING PROFIT GROWTH, 2006-2008 & H108/H10946

Table 1.32A CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS % SHARE OF TOTAL RETAIL SALES IN CHINA, 2006-2008 & H10947

Table 1.32B CHINA'S 100 LEADING LISTED RETAILERS % SHARE OF TOTAL RETAIL SALES IN CHINA, 2006-2008 & H10948

1.11.2 Leading Retailers: Top 30 Chainstore Retailers' Turnover & Stores 49

Table 1.33 CHINA'S TOP-30 CHAIN-STORE RETAILERS' TURNOVER, 2004-200849

Table 1.34 CHINA'S TOP-30 CHAIN-STORE RETAILERS' STORE NUMBERS, 2004-200850

Table 1.35 CHINA'S TOP-30 CHAIN-STORE RETAILERS' AVERAGE SALES TURNOVER PER STORE, 2004-200851

1.11.3 Leading Retailers: Top 30 Chainstore Retailers' Shares 51

Table 1.36 CHINA'S TOP-30 CHAIN-STORE RETAILERS SHARE OF TOTAL RETAIL SALES, 2004-200852

1.11.4 Leading Retailers: Leading Foreign-invested Retailers 53

Table 1.37 COMPARISON OF CHINA'S 10 LEADING FOREIGN-INVESTED RETAIL CHAINS, 2004-200854

1.11.5 Leading Retailers: Top 50 FMCG Chainstore Retailers' Turnover & Stores 55

Table 1.38 CHINA'S TOP 50 FAST MOVING CONSUMER GOODS (FMCG) CHAIN-STORE RETAILERS TOTAL SALES TURNOVERS AND OUTLET NUMBERS, 200856

Table 1.39 CHINA'S TOP 50 FAST MOVING CONSUMER GOODS (FMCG) CHAIN-STORE RETAILERS AVERAGE OUTLET SALES TURNOVER, 200857

1.12 Retail Prices 58

1.12.1 Prices: Retail Price Indices 58

Table 1.40 AVERAGE INCOME ANNUAL GROWTH BY SECTOR, 2005-200860

Table 1.41 RETAIL PRICE INDICES BY BROAD SECTOR, 2000-2008*61

1.13 Outlook 61

1.13.1 Outlook: Forecast Trends 61

Year of the Tiger: Return of Tiger Economics? 61

Costs of Operation 62

Consumer Thrift 62

Company Competition 63

Urbanisation 63

1.13.2 Outlook: Total Market Size 64

Table 1.42 FORECAST TOTAL CONSTANT VALUE RETAIL SALES, 2010-201465

1.13.3 Outlook: Food/Non-food & Urban/Rural Values 65

Table 1.43 FORECAST CONSTANT VALUE RETAIL MARKET BY FOOD/NON-FOOD & URBAN/RURAL SPLITS, 2010-201465

1.13.4 Outlook: Food/Non-food & Urban/Rural Shares 66

Table 1.44% BREAKDOWN OF FORECAST CONSTANT VALUE RETAIL MARKET BY FOOD/NON-FOOD & URBAN/RURAL SPLITS, 2010-201466

1.13.5 Outlook: Growth Rates 66

Table 1.45 ANNUAL GROWTH RATES FOR FORECAST CONSTANT VALUE RETAIL MARKET BY FOOD/NON-FOOD & URBAN/RURAL SPLITS, 2010-201466

1.14 Retailing in Context 66

1.14.1 Retailing in Context: The Health of the Economy 66

China Economic Overview 66

1.14.2 Retailing in Context: Macroeconomic Context 67

Table 1.46 RETAIL SALES AS A % OF GDP, 2003-200968

1.14.3 Retailing in Context: Retail Sales and Consumer Spending 68

Table 1.47 RETAIL SALES AS A % OF CONSUMER EXPENDITURE, 2003-200968

1.14.4 Retailing in Context: Sales by Habitation 69

Table 1.48 RETAIL SALES VALUE BY HABITATION, 2003-200969

Table 1.49 RETAIL SALES % BREAKDOWN BY HABITATION, 2003-200969

1.14.5 Retailing in Context: Healthcare 70

Healthcare Market Size 70

Table 1.50 GOVERNMENT HEALTHCARE SPENDING AS A % OF TOTAL GOVERNMENT SPENDING, 1999-200870

The Demographic Time-bomb 70

Private Health Insurance Uptake Low 71

Price Cuts, Corporate Battles & Piracy 71

Changes to the Healthcare System 71

1.14.6 Retailing in Context: Media & Entertainment 72

Table 1.51 VOLUME AUDIO AND VIDEO MEDIA SALES IN CHINA, 2004-200772

Table 1.52 VALUE AUDIO AND VIDEO MEDIA SALES IN CHINA, 2004-200772

Table 1.53 VALUE RECORDED MUSIC SALES IN CHINA BY PHYSICAL AND DIGITAL SECTORS, 2006/200773

Music on the Download 73

Table 1.54 MOBILE MUSIC REVENUES IN CHINA, 2004-201574

1.14.7 Retailing in Context: Adspend 74

Conventional Media Advertising 74

Table 1.55 ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE IN CHINA, 2004-200874

Online Advertising 75

Table 1.56 ONLINE ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE IN CHINA, 2004-200875

Leading Advertised Product Categories 75

Table 1.57 TOP 10 ADVERTISING CATEGORIES IN CHINA, 200876

Leading Advertised Brands 76

Table 1.58 TOP 10 ADVERTISING BRANDS BY ADSPEND IN CHINA, 2007/200876

Leading Advertisers 76

Table 1.59 CHINA'S TOP TEN ADVERTISERS, 2004-200677

Table 1.60 CHINA'S TOP TEN ADVERTISERS BY ADSPEND, 2006-200777

Table 1.61 FIRMS WITH HIGHEST PORTION OF WORLD AD BUDGETS IN CHINA, 200877

Table 1.62 CHINA'S TOP TEN ADVERTISERS BY ADSPEND, 1Q 200978

The Prime-time Advertising Auction 78

Table 1.63 PRIME-TIME ADVERTISING AUCTION ON CHINA'S CCTV, 2000-201078

Brand Preferences Choice Factors in China 79

Table 1.64 BRAND PREFERENCES IN TERMS OF AGE GROUPS & LOCATIONS IN CHINA, 200779

Table 1.65 FACTORS DETERMINING BRAND CHOICE IN CHINA, 200780

Table 1.66 BRAND PREFERENCES IN CHINA, 200780

"Chameleon" Brands 80

Table 1.67 TOP CHAMELEON BRANDS IN CHINA, 200881

1.14.8 Retailing in Context: Emerging Local Brands 81

Table 1.68 CHINA'S MOST VALUABLE BRANDS, 2008/200982

Table 1.69 CHINA'S TOP 5 MOST VALUABLE BRANDS, 200982

1.14.9 Retailing in Context: Tourism & Travel 82

Table 1.70 TOTAL AND PER CAPITA TOURISM SPENDING BY TYPE, 2002-200883

Table 1.71 TOTAL AND PER CAPITA DOMESTIC TOURISM IN CHINA, 2002-200883

Table 1.72 TOTAL AND PER CAPITA DOMESTIC & INTERNATIONAL AIR PASSENGER TRAFFIC IN CHINA, 2003-200884

1.14.10 Retailing in Context: The Transport Gap 84

Transport Infrastructure Development & Investment 85

Table 1.73 TOTAL FREIGHT TRANSPORT ROUTES DISTANCE BY TYPE IN CHINA, 2002-200885

Table 1.74 TOTAL FREIGHT VOLUME CARRIED BY TRANSPORT TYPE IN CHINA, 2002-200886

Road Freight 86

Logistics Development 87

Warehouse Development 89

Pallets 89

Total Transport Distance 90

Table 1.75 TOTAL VOLUME OF PASSENGER TRANSPORT BY TYPE IN CHINA, 2002-200890

Average Transport Distance 90

Table 1.76 AVERAGE PER CAPITA PASSENGER TRANSPORT DISTANCES FOR BY FORM OF TRANSPORT, 1999-200891

Vehicle Ownership 91

Table 1.77 PRIVATE VEHICLE OWNERSHIP IN CHINA BY TYPE, 2002-200892

1.15 Current Issues 92

1.15.1 Current Issues: Unemployment 92

1.15.2 Current Issues: Over-development of Malls 93

1.15.4 Current Issues: Tale Of Two Cities: Shanghai & Beijing 95

1.15.5 Current Issues: Rural Retailing Development Project 96

Table 1.78 STANDARDS FOR COUNTRYSIDE STORES IN VILLAGES 97

Table 1.79 STANDARDS FOR COUNTRYSIDE STORES IN TOWNS/TOWNSHIPS 97

Table 1.80 RURAL RETAILING PROJECT COUNTRYSIDE STORES IN VILLAGES, APRIL 200998

Table 1.81 RURAL RETAILING PROJECT COUNTRYSIDE STORES IN TOWNS/TOWNSHIPS, APRIL 200998

Table 1.82 RURAL RETAILING PROJECT DISTRIBUTION CENTRES, APRIL 200999

Table 1.83 RURAL RETAIL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT TOTAL NUMBER OF PARTICIPATING COMPANIES, 2005-2008100

Table 1.84 RURAL RETAIL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT COMPANY STRUCTURE, 2007100

1.15.6 Current Issues: Linking the Chill Chain 102

1.15.7 Current Issues: Private Label 103

Table 1.85 CHINA TOP-100 RETAILER'S TOTAL SALES AND PRIVATE LABEL SALES COMPARED, 2005-2009*105

1.15.8 Current Issues: Hypermarkets Gaining Popularity 106

Table 1.86 SHARE OF GROCERY EXPENDITURE BY TRADE FORMAT, 2001, 2004 & 2007106

Table 1.87 CONSUMER PREFERENCE FOR FRESH FOOD BY STORE FORMAT, 2005 & 2007106

Table 1.88 CONSUMER PREFERENCE FOR FOOD KEPT UNDER NORMAL TEMPERATURE BY STORE FORMAT, 2005 & 2007106

Table 1.89 CONSUMER PREFERENCE FOR CHILLED FOOD BY STORE FORMAT, 2005 & 2007107

1.15.9 Current Issues: Rural Appliance Rebate Program 107

Table 1.90 DURATION OF RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE SCHEME 108

Table 1.91 PER 100 RURAL HOUSEHOLD OWNERSHIP OF WASHING MACHINE, REFRIGERATOR, COLOUR TV, MOBILE PHONE & AIR CONDITIONER, 2007108

Table 1.92 PER 100 RURAL HOUSEHOLD OWNERSHIP OF WASHING MACHINE, REFRIGERATOR, COLOUR TV & AIR CONDITIONER, 2006109

Table 1.93 PER CAPITAL NET INCOME OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, 2006-2007109

Table 1.94 MAXIMUM PRICE & ITEM FOR PURCHASE IN RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE SCHEME 110

Table 1.95 NUMBER OF COMPANIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS IN RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE SCHEME, PHASE I-III 111

Table 1.96 NUMBER OF COMPANIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS IN RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE SCHEME, PHASE IV 111

Table 1.97 RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE SCHEME SALES BY PROVINCE, UP TO 10 APRIL 2009112

Table 1.98 RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE SCHEME TOP THREE MOST POPULAR ITEMS, UP TO 22 MAY 2009112

Table 1.99 RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE SCHEME SALES IN CHONGQING, UP TO 10 MARCH 2009113

Table 1.100 RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE SCHEME SALES IN SICHUAN, UP TO 27 SEPTEMBER 2008113

Table 1.101 RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE PROGRAM SALES IN SICHUAN, SHANDONG & HENAN, UP TO MAY 2008113

Table 1.102 RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE PROGRAM SALES IN SICHUAN, SHANDONG & HENAN, UP TO NOVEMBER 2008114

Table 1.103 RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE PROGRAM: SURVEY ON RURAL CONSUMERS ON PREFERRED PRODUCTS 114

Table 1.104 TOP THREE BRAND SHARES OF THE RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE SCHEME IN SHANDONG, UP TO 25 MAY 2008114

Table 1.105 RURAL APPLIANCE REBATE PROGRAM TOP 10 BRANDS IN TERMS OF SALES (NATIONWIDE), UP TO 22 MAY 2009115

1.15.10 Current Issues: Packaging (Dealing With Massive Amounts of Waste)117

1.16 Seasonal Retail Trends 119

1.16.1 Key Sales Periods: Overview 119

Table 1.106 ANNUAL NATIONAL HOLIDAYS 119

Table 1.107 MAJOR HOLIDAY RETAIL SALES, 2005-2009119

1.16.2 Seasonal Retail Trends: Chinese New Year 120

1.16.3 Seasonal Retail Trends: Christmas 120

1.16.4 Seasonal Retail Trends: May Holiday 120

1.16.5 Seasonal Retail Trends: Children's Day 121

1.16.6 Seasonal Retail Trends: Other National Holidays and Festivals 121

1.16.7 Seasonal Retail Trends: Seasonality & Climate 121

2 REGIONAL RETAIL MARKETS123

2.1 Provincial GDP123

Table 2.1PROVINCIAL GDP VERSUS NATIONAL GDP GOVERNMENT STATISTICS, 2003-2009123

2.2 Provincial Retail Sales124

2.2.1 Provincial Retail Sales: Total & Per Capita Sales124

Map 2.1PER CAPITA RETAIL SALES BY PROVINCE, 2000, 2008, 2009124

Table 2.2TOTAL RETAIL SALES BY PROVINCE, 2003-2009125

Table 2.3PER CAPITA RETAIL SALES BY PROVINCE, 2003-2009126

2.2.2 Provincial Retail Sales: China's Leading Shoppers Spend Less Than US$10 A Day!127

Table 2.4US$ PER CAPITA ANNUAL AND WEEKLY RETAIL SALES BY TOP- , MIDDLE- & BOTTOM-SCALES, 2003-2009127

2.2.3 Provincial Retail Sales: Leading Cities128

Table 2.5LEADING CITIES KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS, RANKED BY POPULATION SIZE, 2008128

Table 2.6LEADING CITIES TOTAL & PER CAPITA RETAIL SALES, 2006-2008129

2.2.4 Provincial Retail Sales: High Levels of Savings – Self-taxation?131

Table 2.7LEADING CITIES KEY HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS INDICATORS, 2008131

2.2.5 Provincial Retail Sales: Consumer Spending Power132

Table 2.8URBAN AVERAGE EXPENDABLE INCOME, EXPENDITURE & POTENTIAL EXPENDABLE INCOME AFTER BASIC OUTGOINGS, 2002-2008133

2.3 The Key Retail Regions ("Consuming China")133

Table 2.9POPULATION AND PER CAPITA GDP OF "CONSUMING CHINA", 2008133

Table 2.10TWO COMPARATIVE ESTIMATES OF THE TOTAL SIZE AND SHAPE OF "CONSUMING CHINA", 2007134

Table 2.11LEADING "CONSUMING CHINA" CITIES KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS, 2008135

Table 2.12COMPARATIVE BREAKDOWN OF AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME & SPENDING IN "CONSUMING CHINA" CITIES' AGAINST TOTAL NATIONAL AVERAGE, 2008136

2.4 The New Retail Regions ("Emerging China")136

Table 2.13POPULATION AND PER CAPITA GDP OF "EMERGING CHINA", 2008137

Table 2.14COMPARATIVE BREAKDOWN OF AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME & SPENDING IN "EMERGING CHINA" CITIES AGAINST "CONSUMING CHINA" CITIES AND TOTAL NATIONAL AVERAGE, 2008138

3 RETAIL INDUSTRY STRUCTURE140

3.1 Number of Outlets140

3.1.1 Number of Outlets: Problems With The Retail Industry Data in China140

Nobody Really Knows How Many Shops There Are In China140

Nobody Really Knows How Many Shop Assistants There Are In China140

Problems With Definitions Of Retail Sectors141

3.1.2 Number of Outlets: Total Number141

Table 3.1TOTAL NUMBER OF RETAIL OUTLETS, 2002-2008142

3.2 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors142

3.2.1 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Licensed Individual Stores142

3.2.2 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Supermarkets, Hypermarkets and C-stores142

3.2.3 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Department Stores142

3.2.4 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Farm Supply Shops143

3.2.5 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Hardware Stores143

3.2.6 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Other Food Shops143

3.2.7 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Specialist Stores/Franchise Stores143

3.2.8 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Grain Stores143

3.2.9 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Daily Use Goods Stores144

3.2.10 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Free Markets144

3.2.11 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Fabric Shops144

3.2.12 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Medicine Shops144

3.2.13 Definitions of China's Retail Outlet Sectors: Bookshops144

3.3 Retail Sector Outlets144

3.3.1 Retail Sector Outlets: Outlets by Type144

Chart 3.1: % GROWTH IN RETAIL OUTLETS BY SECTOR, 2002-2008145

Table 3.2NUMBER OF RETAIL OUTLETS BY SECTOR, 2002-2008145

3.3.2 Retail Sector Outlets: Sales by Outlet Type146

Chart 3.2: % GROWTH IN TOTAL VALUE SALES OF RETAIL OUTLETS BY SECTOR, 2002-2008146

Table 3.3SALES VALUE OF RETAIL OUTLETS BY SECTOR, 2002-2008146

3.3.3 Retail Sector Outlets: Average Per Store Sales by Outlet Type147

Chart 3.3: % Growth in Average Retail Sales Value Per Outlets by Sector in China, 2002-2008147

Table 3.4AVERAGE PER STORE SALES VALUE OF OUTLETS BY SECTOR, 2002-2008147

3.4 Department Stores148

3.4.1 Department Stores: Directly-Owned Outlets148

Table 3.5DIRECTLY-OWNED DEPARTMENT STORE TOTAL OUTLETS, FLOOR SPACE, STAFF, SALES & PURCHASES, 2003-2009*148

3.4.2 Department Stores: Franchised Outlets149

Table 3.6FRANCHISED DEPARTMENT STORE TOTAL OUTLETS, FLOOR SPACE, STAFF, SALES & PURCHASES, 2003-2009*149

3.4.3 Department Stores: Total Outlets150

Table 3.7TOTAL DEPARTMENT STORE TOTAL OUTLETS, FLOOR SPACE, STAFF, SALES & PURCHASES, 2003-2009*150

3.4.4 Department Stores: Outlet Efficiency151

Table 3.8TOTAL DEPARTMENT STORE MARKET EFFICIENCY, 2003-2009*151

3.4.5 Department Stores: Outlet Profitability152

Table 3.9TOTAL DEPARTMENT STORE PROFITABILITY, 2003-2009*152

3.4.6 Department Stores: Leading Department Store Sales & Outlets153

Top 20 National Department Stores153

Table 3.10CHINA'S TOP 20 INDIVIDUAL DEPARTMENT STORES, 2007153

Table 3.11CHINA'S TOP 20 INDIVIDUAL DEPARTMENT STORES, 2006154

Top 20 Shanghai Department Stores154

Table 3.12TOP 20 INDIVIDUAL SHANGHAI DEPARTMENT STORES, 2008154

Table 3.13TOP 20 INDIVIDUAL SHANGHAI DEPARTMENT STORES, 2006155

Table 3.14TOP 20 INDIVIDUAL SHANGHAI DEPARTMENT STORES, 2005155

Top 10 Beijing Department Stores156

Table 3.15TOP 10 INDIVIDUAL BEIJING DEPARTMENT STORES, 2007156

3.5 Supermarkets & Hypermarkets156

3.5.1 Supermarkets & Hypermarkets: Supermarket Industry Above the Official Benchmark156

Table 3.16SUPERMARKET TOTAL OUTLETS, FLOOR SPACE, STAFF, SALES & PROFITS FOR CHAIN STORES ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008157

Table 3.17SUPERMARKET AVERAGE OUTLET FLOOR SPACE & STAFF FOR CHAIN STORES ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008157

Table 3.18SUPERMARKET AVERAGE OUTLET SALES FOR CHAIN STORES ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008157

Table 3.19SUPERMARKET AVERAGE OUTLET NET PROFITS FOR CHAIN STORES ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008158

3.5.2 Supermarkets & Hypermarkets: The Official Benchmark & Beyond158

Table 3.20SUPERMARKET TOTAL OUTLETS, FLOOR SPACE, STAFF, SALES & PROFITS FOR CHAIN STORES ABOVE & BELOW THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008158

Table 3.21SUPERMARKET AVERAGE OUTLET FLOOR SPACE & STAFF FOR CHAIN STORES ABOVE & BELOW THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008159

Table 3.22SUPERMARKET AVERAGE OUTLET SALES FOR CHAIN STORES ABOVE & BELOW THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008159

Table 3.23SUPERMARKET AVERAGE OUTLET NET PROFITS FOR CHAIN STORES ABOVE & BELOW THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008160

3.5.2 Supermarkets & Hypermarkets: Supermarket Industry Sectors By Size160

Store Size & Sales160

Table 3.24ESTIMATED AVERAGE SUPERMARKET OUTLET SALES, PROFITS, SIZE & STAFF (INCLUDING STORES BELOW THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY BROAD SIZE CLASS OF STORE, 2002-2008161

Outlets161

Table 3.25ESTIMATED SUPERMARKET NUMBER OF OUTLETS (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY BROAD SIZE CLASS OF STORE, 2002-2008162

Floorspace162

Table 3.26ESTIMATED SUPERMARKET AREA OF FLOORSPACE (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY BROAD SIZE CLASS OF STORE, 2002-2008163

Staff163

Table 3.27ESTIMATED SUPERMARKET NUMBER OF STAFF (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY BROAD SIZE CLASS OF STORE, 2002-2008164

Sales164

Table 3.28ESTIMATED SUPERMARKET SALES REVENUE (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY BROAD SIZE CLASS OF STORE, 2002-2008165

Profits165

Table 3.29ESTIMATED SUPERMARKET NET PROFITS (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY BROAD SIZE CLASS OF STORE, 2002-2008166

Footfall & Basket Size166

Table 3.30AVERAGE SUPERMARKET CUSTOMER VISITS & BASKET VALUE (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY BROAD SIZE CLASS OF STORE, 2002-2008167

3.5.3 Supermarkets & Hypermarkets: Supermarket Industry By City Tier168

Differences by City Tier168

Outlets168

Table 3.31ESTIMATED SUPERMARKET NUMBER OF OUTLETS (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY CITY-TIER LOCATION, 2002-2008169

Floorspace169

Table 3.32ESTIMATED SUPERMARKET FLOORSPACE (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY CITY-TIER LOCATION, 2002-2008170

Staff170

Table 3.33ESTIMATED SUPERMARKET STAFF (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY CITY-TIER LOCATION, 2002-2008170

Sales170

Table 3.34ESTIMATED SUPERMARKET SALES (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY CITY-TIER LOCATION, 2002-2008171

Profits171

Table 3.35ESTIMATED SUPERMARKET PROFITS (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY CITY-TIER LOCATION, 2002-2008171

Averages171

Table 3.36ESTIMATED AVERAGE SUPERMARKET PER OUTLET STAFF, FLOORSPACE, SALES & PROFIT (ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD) BY CITY-TIER LOCATION, 2002-2008172

3.5.4 Supermarkets & Hypermarkets: Leading Supermarket Sales & Outlets172

Selected Retailer Same Store Sales Growth172

Table 3.37SAME-STORE SALES GROWTH OF SELECTED RETAILERS, 2004-2008173

Selected Listed Retailer Non-retail Revenue Significance173

Table 3.38OTHER REVENUE AS A % OF SELECTED LISTED RETAILERS' TOTAL REVENUE, 2004-2008174

Selected Listed Retailer Net Profit Margins174

Table 3.39SELECTED LISTED RETAILERS' NET PROFIT MARGINS, 2004-2008174

Selected Listed Retailer Operating Profit Margins175

Table 3.40SELECTED LISTED RETAILERS' OPERATING PROFIT MARGINS, 2004-2008175

Selected Listed Retailer Gross Profit Margins175

Table 3.41SELECTED LISTED RETAILERS' GROSS PROFIT MARGINS, 2004-2008175

Selected Listed Retailer Supermarket Business Share of Revenue175

Table 3.42SUPERMARKET/HYPERMARKET/WAREHOUSE STORE SELECTED LISTED RETAILERS' REVENUE SHARES, 2004-2008176

Selected Listed Supermarket Retailer Current Ratios176

Table 3.43CURRENT RATIO OF SELECTED RETAILERS, 2004-2008176

Selected Listed Supermarket Retailer Debt-Equity Ratios176

Table 3.44DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO OF SELECTED RETAILERS, 2004-2008177

3.6 Convenience Stores178

3.6.1 Convenience Stores: Above the Official Benchmark178

Table 3.45CONVENIENCE STORE TOTAL OUTLETS, FLOOR SPACE, STAFF, SALES & PROFITS FOR CHAIN STORE OPERATORS ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008179

Table 3.46CONVENIENCE STORE AVERAGE OUTLET FLOOR SPACE & STAFF FOR CHAIN STORE OPERATORS ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008179

Table 3.47CONVENIENCE STORE AVERAGE OUTLET SALES FOR CHAIN STORE OPERATORS ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008180

Table 3.48CONVENIENCE STORE AVERAGE OUTLET NET PROFITS FOR CHAIN STORE OPERATORS ABOVE THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008180

3.6.2 Convenience Stores: Large-scale Chain Convenience Stores180

Key Indicators180

Table 3.49AVERAGE LARGE-SCALE CHAIN URBAN CONVENIENCE STORE FLOOR SPACE, STAFF, SALES & PROFITS INDICATORS, 2002-2008181

Size181

Table 3.50AVERAGE LARGE-SCALE CHAIN URBAN CONVENIENCE STORE TOTAL OUTLETS, AVERAGE SALES, TRANSACTIONS & BASKET VALUE, 2002-2008181

3.6.3 Convenience Stores: The Total Urban Market Structure182

Table 3.51CONVENIENCE STORE TOTAL OUTLETS, FLOOR SPACE, STAFF, SALES & PROFITS FOR CHAIN STORE OPERATORS ABOVE & BELOW THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008183

Table 3.52CONVENIENCE STORE AVERAGE OUTLET FLOOR SPACE & STAFF FOR CHAIN STORE OPERATORS ABOVE & BELOW THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008183

Table 3.53CONVENIENCE STORE AVERAGE OUTLET SALES FOR CHAIN STORE OPERATORS ABOVE & BELOW THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008183

Table 3.54CONVENIENCE STORE AVERAGE OUTLET GROSS PROFITS FOR CHAIN STORE OPERATORS ABOVE & BELOW THE GOVERNMENT STATISTICAL THRESHOLD, 2002-2008184

3.6.4 Convenience Stores: Selected Leading C-store Chains184

C-store Outlets184

Table 3.55NUMBER OF OUTLETS OF SELECTED CONVENIENCE CHAIN STORES, 2004-2008184

C-store Sales185

Table 3.56REVENUE OF SELECTED CONVENIENCE CHAIN STORES, 2004-2008185

Average Outlet Sales185

Table 3.57AVERAGE SALES PER STORE OF SELECTED CONVENIENCE CHAIN STORES, 2004-2008185

Gross Profit Margins185

Table 3.58GROSS PROFIT MARGIN OF SELECTED CONVENIENCE CHAIN STORES, 2004-2008185

Operating Profit Margins186

Table 3.59OPERATING PROFIT MARGIN OF SELECTED CONVENIENCE CHAIN STORES, 2004-2008186

Net Profit Margins186

Table 3.60NET PROFIT MARGIN OF SELECTED CONVENIENCE CHAIN STORES, 2004-2008186

Net Profits186

Table 3.61NET PROFIT OF SELECTED CONVENIENCE CHAIN STORES, 2004-2008186

3.7 DIY, Home Improvement & Furniture Retail186

3.7.1 DIY, Home Improvement & Furniture Retail: The Trade & Retail Markets Compared186

Table 3.62CHINA TOTAL RETAIL, TRADE & COMBINED HOME IMPROVEMENT PRODUCTS MARKET VALUE, 2002/2008187

3.7.2 DIY, Home Improvement & Furniture Retail: Selected Leading C-store Chains188

Table 3.635 LEADING DIY & FURNITURE STORE CHAINS RANKED BY SALES TURNOVER, 2002-2008188

Table 3.645 LEADING DIY & FURNITURE STORE CHAINS NUMBER OF OUTLETS, 2002-2008188

Table 3.655 LEADING DIY & FURNITURE STORE CHAINS AVERAGE SALES TURNOVER PER OUTLET, 2002-2008188

3.7.3 DIY, Home Improvement & Furniture Retail: Leading DIY Chains Market Shares190

Table 3.665 LEADING DIY & FURNITURE STORE CHAINS SHARES OF THE TOTAL HOME IMPROVEMENT RETAIL MARKET, 2002-2008190

3.8 Fashion & Sportswear Retailing190

3.8.1 Fashion & Sportswear Retailing: Apparel Retail Market Size190

Table 3.67CHINA APPAREL RETAIL INDUSTRY OUTLETS, TOTAL RETAIL SALES & AVERAGE PER OUTLET SALES, 2002-2008190

Table 3.68CHINA APPAREL RETAIL SALES VALUE & PERIOD GROWTH BY PRODUCT SECTOR, 2002/2008191

Table 3.69CHINA APPAREL RETAIL SALES VOLUME & PERIOD GROWTH BY PRODUCT SECTOR, 2002/2008191

3.8.2 Fashion & Sportswear Retailing: Apparel Retail Market Shares192

Table 3.70CHINA APPAREL MARKET TOP-20 LISTED RETAILER ESTIMATED MARKET SHARES, 2006-2008192

3.8.3 Fashion & Sportswear Retailing: Sportswear Retail Market Size193

Table 3.71TOTAL & PER CAPITA SPORTSWEAR MARKET VALUE IN CHINA, 2005-2009193

3.8.4 Fashion & Sportswear Retailing: Sportswear Retail Market Shares193

Table 3.72TOTAL SPORTSWEAR MARKET VALUE, 2001/2005/2009194

3.9 Pharmacy Retailing194

3.9.1 Pharmacy Retailing: Spending on Medicines194

3.9.2 Pharmacy Retailing: Health & Beauty Chain Development195

3.9.3 Pharmacy Retailing: The Size of the Leading Pharmacy Chains197

Table 3.73PHARMACY RETAIL SALES BY THE TOP-100, -50, -30 & -10 PHARMACY CHAINS IN CHINA, 2002-2008198

Table 3.74CHINA PHARMACY RETAIL OUTLETS BY OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE, 2006-2008198

3.9.4 Pharmacy Retailing: Top-10 Pharmacy Chain Shares198

Table 3.75TOP-10 PHARMACY RETAIL CHAINS RANKED BY ESTIMATED TURNOVER, 2007/2008199

Table 3.76TOP-10 PHARMACY RETAIL CHAINS % SHARE OF ESTIMATED OTC RETAIL SALES, 2007/2008199

3.10 Electrical & Electronics Retailing200

3.10.1 Key Consumer Appliances & Electronics Retailers: Leading Revenues & Outlets200

Table 3.77CONSUMER APPLIANCES & ELECTRONICS RETAILERS IN THE CHINA TOP 100 RETAILERS LIST, 2004-2008200

Table 3.78TOP 20 CONSUMER ELECTRONICS RETAILERS, 2006-2008201

3.10.2 Key Consumer Appliances & Electronics Retailers: Gome vs. Suning201

Core Operating Revenue201

Table 3.79GOME VS SUNING: CORE OPERATING REVENUE, 2004-2008*201

Gross Profit202

Table 3.80GOME VS SUNING: GROSS PROFIT, 2004-2008*202

Operating Profit202

Table 3.81GOME VS SUNING: OPERATING PROFIT, 2004-2008*202

Store Count203

Table 3.82GOME VS SUNING: STORE COUNT, 2005-2008*203

Revenue Breakdown by Product Category203

Table 3.83GOME VS SUNING: REVENUE BREAKDOWN BY PRODUCT CATEGORY, 2004-2008*203

3.10.3 Key Consumer Appliances & Electronics Retailers: Change Ahead204

3.11 Petrol Station Retailing205

Table 3.84TOTAL NUMBER OF PETROL STATIONS IN CHINA, 2006-2008205

Table 3.85NON-FUEL BUSINESS OF PETROCHINA & SINOPEC, 2007-2008206

Table 3.86HAVE NOT BOUGHT THE FOLLOWING ITEMS AT PETROL STATION CONVENIENCE STORE, 2008206

3.12 Bookshops & Publications Retailing208

Table 3.87TOTAL SECTOR & XINHUA NETWORK BOOKSHOPS, PUBLICATIONS SALES & AVERAGE SALES PER OUTLET, 2004-2008*209

3.13 Online Retailing210

3.13.1 Online Retailing: Mobile Phones210

Table 3.88TELECOMS USAGE IN CHINA, 2006-2008210

3.13.2 Online Retailing: Internet Users210

Table 3.89TOTAL INTERNET USERS & AS % OF POPULATION IN CHINA, 2000/12-2009/06211

Table 3.90TOTAL INTERNET USERS & AS % OF POPULATION IN CHINA, 2000/12-2009/06211

Table 3.91TOTAL INTERNET USERS % SPLIT BY GENDER IN CHINA, 2000/12-2009/06212

3.13.3 Online Retailing: Online Sales212

Table 3.92PER CAPITA ONLINE SHOPPING VALUE, 2003-2008212

Table 3.93SITES PREFERRED BY ONLINE SHOPPERS, 2008212

Table 3.94CHINA INTERNET TRANSACTIONS BY TYPE, 12/2008 – 06/2009213

Table 3.95TOP 10 RETAIL ITEMS ON TAOBAO.COM, 2008213

Table 3.96AVERAGE ONLINE SHOPPING TRANSACTIONS BY REGION, 2007214

Table 3.97TOP REASONS FOR NOT SHOPPING ONLINE, 2007214

3.13.4 Online Retailing: Internet Advertising Value214

3.13.5 Online Retailing: Computer Ownership215

Table 3.98TOTAL AND PER HOUSEHOLD RURAL/URBAN OWNERSHIP OF COMPUTERS, 2002-2008215

3.14 Costs of Retail Operations215

3.14.1 Costs of Retail Operations: Outlet Rent215

Table 3.

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